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Diabetes Complications
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List of major complications
Diabetes can lead to several serious health issues over time if not well-managed. The most common complications include:
- Cardiovascular Disease: Diabetes significantly increases the risk of various cardiovascular problems, including coronary artery disease with chest pain (angina), heart attack, stroke, and narrowing of arteries (atherosclerosis).
- Nerve Damage (Neuropathy): Excess sugar can injure the walls of the tiny blood vessels (capillaries) that nourish your nerves, especially in the legs. This can cause tingling, numbness, burning, or pain.
- Kidney Damage (Nephropathy): Diabetes can damage the filtering system of the kidneys, leading to kidney failure or irreversible end-stage kidney disease, which may require dialysis or a kidney transplant.
- Eye Damage: Diabetes can lead to eye conditions, including cataracts and glaucoma, and may also damage the blood vessels of the retina, potentially leading to blindness.
- Foot Damage: Nerve damage in the feet or poor blood flow to the feet increases the risk of various foot complications.
Managing your diabetes is the most effective way to lower your risk of complications. This includes:
- Maintaining blood glucose levels within your target range as much as possible.
- Regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight.
- Eating a balanced diet that is low in processed sugars and fats.
- Regularly monitoring blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
- Routine medical screenings, including regular eye exams, foot inspections, and blood tests.
Managing your diabetes is the most effective way to lower your risk of complications. This includes:
- Maintaining blood glucose levels within your target range as much as possible.
- Regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight.
- Eating a balanced diet that is low in processed sugars and fats.
- Regularly monitoring blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
- Routine medical screenings, including regular eye exams, foot inspections, and blood tests.
Symptoms vary depending on the complication but may include:
- For neuropathy: Numbness, tingling, or pain in your extremities.
- For nephropathy: Swelling in feet and ankles, decreased need to urinate or change in urine color.
- For retinopathy: Vision changes, including blurry vision, dark spots or lines, and sudden loss of vision.
- For cardiovascular issues: Chest pain, increased heart rate, or extreme fatigue.
- For foot damage: Cuts or wounds that do not heal, infections, or severe pain in the leg.
Symptoms vary depending on the complication but may include:
- For neuropathy: Numbness, tingling, or pain in your extremities.
- For nephropathy: Swelling in feet and ankles, decreased need to urinate or change in urine color.
- For retinopathy: Vision changes, including blurry vision, dark spots or lines, and sudden loss of vision.
- For cardiovascular issues: Chest pain, increased heart rate, or extreme fatigue.
- For foot damage: Cuts or wounds that do not heal, infections, or severe pain in the leg.
While some complications can be managed to reduce symptoms and prevent further damage, most cannot be completely reversed once they develop. Early detection and management are crucial to prevent the progression of complications. For example, controlling blood sugar can help prevent further nerve damage in neuropathy but may not reverse existing damage.
While some complications can be managed to reduce symptoms and prevent further damage, most cannot be completely reversed once they develop. Early detection and management are crucial to prevent the progression of complications. For example, controlling blood sugar can help prevent further nerve damage in neuropathy but may not reverse existing damage.
While some complications can be managed to reduce symptoms and prevent further damage, most cannot be completely reversed once they develop. Early detection and management are crucial to prevent the progression of complications. For example, controlling blood sugar can help prevent further nerve damage in neuropathy but may not reverse existing damage.
Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you notice any potential signs of complications. Early intervention can prevent progression and manage the severity of the complication. Regular check-ups with your healthcare team are vital for managing diabetes effectively and staying ahead of any complications.